Genetic Variation and Populations

WHAT IS GENETIC VARIATION? 

• Is the difference among individual in the composite of their genes or other DNA sequences.

•  Genetic variation at the whole genetic variability can be qualified as the average percentage of loci that are heterogenous

•  Considerable genetic variation can be also measured by the nucleotide variability.

• Phenotypic variation does not result from genetic differences among individuals

• Genetic variation provides raw material for evolution to occur

WHAT IS A POPULATION?

• A population is a group of individuals of the same species that live in the same areas, and interbreed, producing fertile offspring

• We can characterise a populations genetic make up by dead ironing it's gene pool

• The gene pool consists if all the types of alleles that every locus in all members of the population

• Population: is the smallest unit that can evolve.

• Two ways to get a variety in a population: Mutation and Reproduction (in order to change the mutation)

• Emergent Properties: are properties that are caused due to the arrangement and interaction of parts as the complexity increases.

• Systems Biology: the exploration of a biological system by analysing the interaction among its parts.

• Genetic Drift: random evolutionary change

• Decrees in population size = genetic drift takeover

• Increase in population size = very little genetic drift

• Isolated Population: large population——> a small population of it breaks off 
• Two types of effects: Bottles neck= when you have a large population and that larger population gets smaller and the Founder effect= one forming population makes up the forming population