Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic

1. The shape and function of the cell membranes depend on the interaction of polar water with non polar membrane molecules.
2. Water helps cells: 
   • Maintain homeostasis
   • Absorb heat slowly 
   • Maintain it’s energy larger 
3. Cohesion: 
   • Is an attraction between substance of the same kind
4. Adhesion:
   • Attraction between substances of the same kind
     • Adhesion powers capillary action —> is when water molecules move upward through a narrow tube
5. Water molecules: 
   • Surface are inked by hydrogen bonds; this attraction between water molecules causes a condition known as surface tension.
6. Surface tension:
   • Prevents the surface of the water from stretching or breaking easily
7. Solution:
   • Is a mixture when substance are evenly distributed in a mixture
8. Polar (Hydrophilic):
   • Dissolve in water
     • Example:
       • Salt and sugar
   • Ionic compounds and polar molecules dissolve in water
   • Ions or molecules are evenly distributed in water
   • Ions are attracted to the opposite charge of water
9. Non-polar (Hydrophobic):
   • Does not dissolve in water
     • Example
     • Water and oil
   • Water molecules are attracted more to each other than non polar
   • Non-polar goes with non polar; water with water
10. Organic Compound: 
    •  Are covalently bonded to other elements
      • Example=
        • Carbohydrates
        • Carbon; Hydrogen; Oxygen
        • 1:2:1
11. Monosaccharides:
    • Single sugar building block of carbohydrates
      • Example
        • C6H12O6
12. Disaccharides: 
    • Two monosaccharides joined
      • Example
        • Sucrose (table sugar)
13. Polysaccharides: 
    • 3 or more monosaccharides joined.
    • Store house of energy in sugars
    • Cellulose is a polysaccharide a that provides structure for plant
    • Example:
    • Wood; humans cannot digest it.
14. Macromolecule: 
    • A large molecule made of many smaller molecules
15. Lipids:
    • Non polar molecules
    • Lipids in plants contain pigments
16. Phospholipids:
    • It is a lipid made of a phosphate group and two fatty acids
    • Phospholipids make up the lipid bilayer
17. Lipid Bilayer:
    • It is a cell membrane the phophoslid are arranged in a double layer
    • Non polar tails make up the interior of the lipid bilayer (where water is repelled) this allows the cell membrane to be selectively permeable
18. Fructose and Glucose are arranged differently
    • Sucrose =  Fructose + Glucose
19. Bonds between carbon hydrogen are rich in energy.
    • Fats can store a lot of energy
20. Steroids include cholesterol:
    • Is found in animal cell membranes.
21. Most carbon atoms are bonded to two hydrogen atoms
    • H-C-H